Basic English Learning Course Notes

1. Basic English Learning Course Notes

Alphabets: A to Z (Uppercase & Lowercase)

Vowels: A, E, I, O, U

Consonants: All other letters (21)

2. Parts of Speech

1. Noun – Name of person, place, thing (e.g., Ali, school, pen)

2. Pronoun – Replaces noun (e.g., he, she, it, they)

3. Verb – Action word (e.g., run, eat, play)

4. Adjective – Describes noun (e.g., big, red, smart)

5. Adverb – Describes verb (e.g., quickly, well)

6. Preposition – Shows position/time (e.g., on, in, under)

7. Conjunction – Joins words/sentences (e.g., and, but, because)

8. Interjection – Expresses emotion (e.g., wow! oh! hooray!)

3. Tenses (Basic Overview)

Tense Example

Present Simple I eat rice.

Past Simple I ate rice.

Future Simple I will eat rice.

Present Continuous: I am eating rice.

Past Continuous: I was eating rice.

Future Continuous: I will be eating rice.

4. Basic Sentence Structure

Formula: Subject + Verb + Object

Example: She (subject) eats (verb) apples (object).

5. Helping Verbs

Present: is, am, are, has, have

Past: was, were, had

Future: will, shall

Modal Verbs: can, could, may, might, must, should, would

6. Common Vocabulary (Themes)

Family: father, mother, brother, sister

Days: Monday, Tuesday, etc.

Colors: red, blue, green

Fruits: apple, banana, mango

Animals: cat, dog, cow

Actions: run, eat, sleep, go, play

7. Basic Conversations

Greeting:

Hello! How are you?

I’m fine, thank you.

Introduction:

My name is Ali.

I am from Pakistan.

I am a student.

Asking Questions:

What is your name?

Where do you live?

How old are you?

8. Useful Phrases

Thank you.

You’re welcome.

I’m sorry.

Please help me.

I don’t understand.

Can you repeat?

9. Pronouns Table

Subject Object Possessive

I me my

You you your

He him his

She her her

It it its

We us our

They them their

10. Basic Grammar Rules

Use capital letters at the beginning of sentences and names.

Use full stops (.) to end statements.

Use question marks (?) for questions.

Subject-Verb Agreement: He is, they are, I am.

11. Practice Sentences

I go to school.

He is a doctor.

They are playing football.

We are friends.

She has a red dress.